A Murder is Announced

A Murder Is Announced is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club in June 1950 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company in the same month. The UK edition retailed at eight shillings and sixpence (8/6) and the US edition at $2.50.

The novel features her detective Miss Marple and is considered a crime novel classic.

The book was heavily promoted upon publication in 1950 as being Christie's fiftieth book, although in truth this figure could only be arrived at by counting in both UK and US short story collections.

Plot summary
(may contain spoilers - click on expand to read) A strange notice appears in the morning paper of a perfectly ordinary small English village, Chipping Cleghorn: "A murder is announced and will take place on Friday, October 29th, at Little Paddocks, at 6:30 p.m. Friends accept this, the only intimation." This apparently comes as a great surprise to Letitia Blacklock, the owner of Little Paddocks, as she has no idea what the notice means; she didn't place it and none of her companions knows more than she. Miss Blacklock decides to take it in her stride and prepares herself to have guests that evening.

Naturally, the villagers are intrigued by this notice, and several of them appear on the doorstep with awkward reasons but a definite interest. As the clock strikes 6:30, the lights go out and a door swings open, revealing a man with a blinding torch.

In a heavily accented voice, the man demands they "Stick 'em up!" Most of the guests do so, believing it to be part of a game. The game ends when shots are fired into the room. The door slams shut, and panic takes hold: in short order, it's discovered that the fuses are blown, the gunman has been shot, and Ms. Blacklock's ear is bleeding, apparently from a bullet's near-miss. The most curious thing of all is the gunman: he is recognized by Dora Bunner (an old friend of Letitia's, affectionately known as "Bunny," who lives at Little Paddocks as her companion) as Rudi Scherz, the receptionist at a local spa, who had asked Letitia for money just a few short days ago.

The police are called in. All clues suggest that the case is merely a strange suicide or accidental death, but Inspector Craddock is uneasy about both possibilities. As luck would have it, Miss Marple is a guest at the very same spa where Rudi Scherz was employed. Craddock is advised to involve her in the case, and the two commence working together. At the spa, it emerges that Rudi has a criminal background, but petty theft and forgery rather than any more serious crime. His girlfriend, a waitress at the spa, however, reveals that he had been paid to appear as the holdup man; he believed it was all "a silly English joke", and was clearly not planning on being shot at.

With this new knowledge, Craddock returns to Chipping Cleghorn. Miss Marple, not uncoincidentally, is the godmother of the local vicar's wife, and decides to stay with her.

The first step is to establish a motive for Scherz's attack on Miss Blacklock. This presents a problem: Letitia has no known enemies. She worked for a successful financier (Randall Goedler) and has done quite well for herself but is not herself wealthy. She does not lead a lavish life and, aside from her house, she has only enough to live on. However, she may shortly come into a great deal of money; Randall Goedler's estate passed to his wife, Belle, when he died. Belle is frail, and is now very near death. When Belle dies, Miss Blacklock inherits everything. If, however, she predeceases Belle, the estate goes to the mysterious "Pip" and "Emma", children of Randall's estranged sister, Sonia. No one knows where these two are, much less what they look like.

Inspector Craddock discovers oil on the hinges of a door into the parlour (where the shooting took place) thought to be unused, and Bunny mentions that until quite recently there had been a table placed against the door.

Inspector Craddock travels to Scotland to meet Belle; she mentions that Letitia had a beloved sister, Charlotte, who was born with a goiter. Their father, an old-fashioned doctor, tried unsuccessfully to treat Charlotte, but she only withdrew further into herself as her goiter got worse. Their father died shortly before World War II, and Letitia gave up her job with Goedler and took her sister to Switzerland for the necessary surgery to repair the defect. The two sisters waited out the war in the Swiss countryside, but before it was over, Charlotte died very suddenly. Letitia returned to England shortly thereafter.

Miss Marple takes tea with Bunny during her shopping trip with Letitia, and Bunny reveals several details about the case: she talks about the recently oiled door she found with the Inspector; she's sure that Patrick Simmons, a young cousin of Letitia's who, with his sister Julia, is also staying at Little Paddocks, is not as he appears; and, most tellingly, she's absolutely positive there was a different lamp in the room on the night of the murder (the one with the shepherdess and not with the shepherd) than there was now. Their tête-à-tête is interrupted, however, as Letitia arrives, and she and Bunny resume their shopping.

That evening, Letitia arranges a birthday party for Bunny, complete with all Bunny's friends and even a chocolate cake; this was while rationing was still in effect in England—butter and eggs were hard to come by even in a rural community, and chocolate was quite rare. Afterward, Bunny complains of a headache and goes to bed after taking some of Letitia's aspirin, as her own bottle of aspirin bought that morning seems to be missing. Bunny dies from poisoning in her sleep.

Miss Marple visits Ms. Blacklock, who mourns Bunny and starts crying. Inspector Craddock asks to see photo albums which might contain pictures of Sonia Goedler, Pip and Emma's mother, but all photos of Sonia were taken out of the albums recently, although they were in place before the death of Rudi Scherz.

Through deduction and re-enactment, Misses Hinchcliffe and Murgatroyd (two spinster farmers who were also present at the time of the Scherz murder) figure out that Miss Murgatroyd could see who was in the room as she was standing behind the door when it swung open; she couldn't have seen Rudi as he was on the other side of the opened door, but she could see whose faces were illuminated by the torch beam. The two women conclude that the person who wasn't in the room (and therefore not seen by Miss Murgatroyd) could have sneaked out of the room when the lights went out and come around behind Rudi, and shot at him—and Miss Blacklock.

Just as she remembers the one person not in the room, the stationmaster calls to notify them that their dog is at the station. As Miss Hinchcliffe pulls away in her car, Miss Murgatroyd runs into the driveway, shouting "She wasn't there!" She is murdered while Miss Hinchcliffe is away, and so does not reveal whom she did not see.

Miss Hinchcliffe returns and meets Miss Marple. They discover Murgatroyd's body, and a distraught Hinchliffe informs Miss Marple of Murgatroyd's cryptic statement.

At Little Paddocks, Letitia receives a letter from the real Julia Simmons in Perth. She confronts "Julia" with the letter, and "Julia" reveals that she is actually Sonia's daughter, Emma Stamfordis, masquerading as Julia so that she could attempt to gain a portion of the inheritance from Letitia and let the real Julia spend time pursuing an acting career.

Julia/Emma insists she is uninvolved in the assassination attempt—she was a crack shot during the French Resistance and would not have missed at that range, even in the dark—nor did she wish to prevent Letitia from inheriting Randall Goedler's estate. She had intended to ingratiate herself with Letitia and try to obtain a portion of the money, and once the murder took place, had no choice but to continue the masquerade.

Phillipa Haymes (a boarder at Little Paddocks and a young widow) sneaks into the kitchen to speak to Julia/Emma, but Julia/Emma sends her away before finding out what Phillipa had to say. That night, the vicar's cat, Tiglath Pileser, knocks over a glass of water onto a frayed electrical cord, which causes the fuses to blow, and the final clue falls into place for Miss Marple.

Inspector Craddock gathers everyone at Little Paddocks and launches the final inquest, which is interrupted by Mitzi, Letitia's foreign "lady-help", crying out that she saw Letitia commit the murder. The inspector does not believe her, and continues with his questioning.

The inspector continues, and quickly insinuates that Edmund Swettenham who, with his widowed mother, was also present at the shooting, is in fact Pip. However, Phillipa comes forward and confesses that she is in fact Pip; Inspector Craddock then accuses Edmund of wanting to marry a rich wife in Phillipa by murdering Letitia. Edmund denies this and as he does so, a terrified scream is heard from the kitchen.

'''DO NOT CONTINUE IF YOU HAVEN'T READ THIS BOOK. SPOILER ALERT!'''

Everyone rushes to the kitchen and discovers Miss Blacklock attempting to drown Mitzi in the sink. Miss Blacklock is arrested by a local constable who has been hiding in the kitchen with Miss Marple, who imitates Dora Bunner's voice to make Ms. Blacklock break down.

Miss Marple explains it quite simply: it wasn't Charlotte who died in Switzerland, but Letitia. Charlotte, aware that Letitia was in line to inherit a fortune, posed as Letitia and returned to England; few people knew Charlotte, as she had been a recluse before leaving England, and a slight change in Letitia's appearance could be explained away to casual acquaintances by her time abroad during the war. She only needed to avoid people who knew Letitia well, such as Belle Goedler, and to always cover her throat with strings of pearls or beads to hide the scars from her goiter surgery. Bunny was one of the few people who remembered Charlotte as Charlotte, but by then, Charlotte was so lonely that she allowed her old school friend to move in.

However, Rudi Scherz could have ruined everything: he worked at the Swiss hospital where Charlotte had been treated and could therefore identify Charlotte as herself. This is why Letitia/Charlotte hired him to come to Chipping Cleghorn and "hold up" a room full of guests: she blew the fuse by pouring water from a vase of flowers onto the frayed cord of a lamp, slipped out the second door, stood behind Rudi, and shot him. She then nicked her ear with a pair of nail scissors and rejoined the others, playing the part of perplexed host.

Bunny became the next target because she, too, could reveal too much. Bunny had an eye for detail, but was prone to slip-ups: on several occasions, she referred to Ms. Blacklock as "Lotty" (short for "Charlotte") instead of "Letty" (short for "Letitia"), and her conversation with Miss Marple in the cafe proved fatal.

Miss Murgatroyd, the final victim, was also killed for guessing too much and for coming to the realization that Letitia/Charlotte was the one person, beside herself, whose face was not illuminated by Rudi Scherz's torch.

Mitzi and Edmund had been persuaded by Miss Marple to play parts in tripping Charlotte Blacklock up; Miss Marple's plans were almost brought down when Phillipa admitted to being Pip, but Inspector Craddock thought fast enough to turn around and claim Edmund was after Phillipa's money.

In the end, Phillipa/Pip and Julia/Emma inherit the Goedler fortune; Edmund and Phillipa/Pip get married and return to Chipping Cleghorn to live.

Gathering at Little Paddocks

 * Letitia Blacklock, lady of the house, in her early/mid 60s
 * Dora "Bunny" Bunner, her elderly fluttery childhood friend
 * Patrick Simmons
 * Julia Simmons
 * Mitzi, Miss Blacklock's foreign housekeeper
 * Phillipa Haymes, a young widowed paying guest/gardener with a young son at boarding school
 * Colonel Archie Easterbrook, blustery old colonel just returned from India
 * Laura Easterbrook, his considerably younger, glamorous wife
 * Mrs Swettenham, elderly lady who dotes on her son
 * Edmund Swettenham, cynical young writer
 * Miss Hinchliffe, efficient lady farmer
 * Miss Amy Murgatroyd, her pleasant but giggly companion
 * Diana 'Bunch' Harmon, wife of the local vicar

Royal Spa Hotel

 * Rudi Scherz, a young man of Swiss extraction, the receptionist at a local spa
 * Myrna Harris, girlfriend of the latter, waitress at local spa
 * Mr Rowlandson

Investigators

 * Jane Marple
 * Detective Inspector Dermot Craddock
 * Chief Constable George Rydesdale, Craddock's superior
 * Detective Sergeant Fletcher, assisting Craddock
 * Constable Edwards
 * Constable Legg

Villagers

 * Julian Harmon, the vicar
 * Julia, Blue Bird Tea Room and Café in Chipping Cleghorn.
 * Mrs Lucas
 * Various other residents of the village

Others

 * Randall Goedler
 * Belle Goedler, dying widow of Letitia's former wealthy employer
 * Charlotte Blacklock
 * Ronald Haymes
 * Dr Blacklock
 * Sister McClelland
 * Mr Beddingfeld
 * Emma Stamfordis
 * Sonia Stamfordis
 * Dmitri Stamfordis
 * Elinor Simmons
 * Harry Haymes
 * Uncle Simon
 * Dr Adolf Koch

Village Parallels

 * Mrs Wotherspoon
 * Mr Hodgson
 * Colonel Wright
 * Major Vaughan
 * Florrie, a former maid of Miss Marple.
 * Mrs Cray
 * Joan Croft
 * Mr Curtiss
 * Fred Tyler
 * Mrs Pusey
 * Unnamed parlour maid of Miss Marple
 * Nurse Ellerton

Tropes and themes

 * Wills and testaments
 * The misunderstood phrase

References to other works
Edmund Swettenham announces to have written "a roaring farce in three acts" titled Elephants Do Forget. Agatha Christie later wrote a novel named Elephants Can Remember featuring Hercule Poirot.

Literary significance and reception
After five years of not reviewing any Christie detective novel, Julian MacLaren-Ross in the Times Literary Supplement was lavish in his praise of the book in the issue dated June 23, 1950: "A new novel by Mrs Agatha Christie always deserves to be placed at the head of any list of detective fiction and her fiftieth book, A Murder is Announced, establishes firmly her claim to the throne of detection. The plot is as ingenious as ever, the writing more careful, the dialogue both wise and witty; while suspense is engendered from the very start, and maintained skilfully until the final revelation: it will be a clever reader indeed who anticipates this, and though Miss Christie is as usual scrupulously fair in scattering her clues, close attention to the text is necessary if a correct solution of the mystery is to be arrived at before the astute Miss Marple unmasks the culprit."

The review concluded, "Miss Christie has several surprises up her sleeve besides the main one, and (this much may be said without spoiling the reader’s pleasure) she once again breaks new ground by creating a weak and kindly murderer who is yet responsible for the deaths of three people: that such a character should, in the last analysis, seem credible, is a tribute to the author’s psychological acumen and originality of concept."

Maurice Richardson, in the June 4, 1950 issue of The Observer said, "For her fiftieth book she has chosen a snug, residential village setting with her favourite detective, silver-haired, needle-sharp spinster, Miss Marple, making a delayed appearance. Not quite one of her top notchers, but very smooth entertainment. The Prime Minister (Clement Attlee), who is her fervent admirer, might fittingly celebrate this jubilee by making her a Dame." (In the event, it took until 1971 for Christie to be awarded the DBE).

Normal Shrapnel in The Guardian's issue of June 9, 1950 noted that this was Christie's fiftieth book and said that the murderer was, "run to earth in a brilliantly conducted parlour game".

An unnamed reviewer in the Toronto Daily Star of September 30, 1950 said, "A Murder is Announced displays all the adroit and well-bred legerdemain one has come to expect from Agatha Christie...This jubilee whodunit is as deft and ingenious a fabrication as Agatha Christie has contrived in many a year."

Robert Barnard: "Superb reworking of the standard Christie setting and procedures, marred only by an excess of homicide at the end. The book is distantly related to The Companion, in The Thirteen Problems."

Plays
The novel was adapted for the stage in 1977 by Leslie Darbon.

It was performed live for NBC on December 30, 1956 as part of Goodyear Television Playhouse with Gracie Fields in the role of Miss Marple.

Miss Marple (BBC TV Series)
The novel was adapted as an episode in BBC's TV Series "Miss Marple". This was first broadcast in 3 parts from 23-25 December 1985 and featured Joan Hickson as Miss Marple. It was directed by David Giles with screenplay by Alan Platter.

Agatha Christie's Marple (ITV series)
A later adaptation made as episode 4 in Series 1 of the ITV series Marple. This featured Geraldine McEwan as Miss Marple, Zoë Wanamaker as Letitia Blacklock; Elaine Page as Dora Bunner and Catherine Tate as Mitzi. Although fairly faithful to the main premise of the novel, some characters are eliminated.

Radio adaptation
A BBC Radio 4 adaptation was first broadcast on 9 August 1999. This version omitted the characters of Mrs. Swettenham and her son.

Les Petits Meurtes d'Agatha
An French adaptation Murder Party was made as episode 11 of season 2 of the series Les Petits Meurtres d'Agatha Christie, first broadcast on France 2 on 18 Sep 2015. The setting is changed to Lille and northern France and features the recurrent characters commissaire Laurence, his secretary Marlene, and reporter Alice Avril. Otherwise, the adaptation is quite faithful to the original.

Publication history

 * 1950, Collins Crime Club (London), June 1950, Hardcover, 256 pp
 * 1950, Dodd Mead and Company (New York), June 1950, Hardcover, 248 pp
 * 1951, Pocket Books (New York), Paperback, 229 pp
 * 1953, Fontana Books (Imprint of HarperCollins), Paperback, 191 pp
 * 1958, Pan Books, Paperback, 204 pp (Great Pan 144)
 * 1965, Ulverscroft Large-print Edition, Hardcover, 246 pp
 * 1967, Greenway edition of collected works (William Collins), Hardcover, 288 pp
 * 1967, Greenway edition of collected works (Dodd Mead), Hardcover, 288 pp
 * 2005, Marple Facsimile edition (Facsimile of 1950 UK first edition), November 7, 2005, Hardcover ISBN 0-00-720846-4

The novel was serialised in eleven parts in the Daily Express from Tuesday, February 28 to Saturday March 11, 1950. Five of the instalments carried an illustration by long-term Express artist Andrew Robb. This version did not contain any chapter divisions and contained only about half of the text that appeared in the book publication, totally omitting chapters five, six, seven, fourteen and the epilogue. It had been planned for this serialisation to take place closer to the eventual book publication in June 1950 but it was pulled forward by Christie’s literary agent Edmund Cork in an effort to boost interest at the ailing box office for the play Murder at the Vicarage.

In the US, the first publication was in the Chicago Tribune in forty-nine parts from Monday, April 17 to Monday, June 12, 1950.